My research area is pharmacoepidemiology, Health Services Research and drug utilisation research. I have several publications in international peer-reviewed journals with many participations at international conferences.

Google Scholar

Selected Publications in Peer-reviewed journals  

1.  

   Asma AlDawsari, Trevor Bushell, Nouf Abutheraa, Shuzo Sakata, Sarah Al Hussain, Amanj Kurdi. Use of Sedative-Hypnotic Medications and Risk of Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 2021; https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.15113 
2. Sarah Al Hussain, Amanj Kurdi, Nouf Abutheraa, Asma AlDawsari, Jacqueline Sneddon, Brian Godman, R. Andrew Seaton. Validity of pneumonia severity assessment scores in Africa and South Asia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Healthcare 2021;9(9):1202. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9091202 
3. Brian Godman, Magdalene Wladysiuk, Stuart McTaggart, Amanj Kurdi, et al. Utilization trend of long-acting insulin analogues including biosimilars across Europe: findings and implications. BioMed Research International 2021;2021: https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9996193. 
4. Brian Godman, Amos Massele, Joseph Fadare, Hye-Young Kwon, Amanj Kurdi, Francis Kalemeera, Shazhad Hussain, Alice Pisana, Johanna C Meyer. Generic drugs – essential for the sustainability of healthcare systems with numerous strategies to enhance their use. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biomedical Analysis 2021;4(1):126 
5. Deirdré Engler, Johanna Catharina Meyer, Natalie Schellack, Amanj Kurdi and Brian Godman. Antimicrobial Stewardship Activities in Public Healthcare
   Facilities in South Africa: A Baseline for Future Direction. Antibiotics 2021;10:996-1019. DoI: 10.3390/antibiotics10080996 
6. Amanj Opioids and gabapentinoids utilisation and their related-mortality trends in the UK primary care setting, 2010-2019: A cross-national, population-based comparison study. Frontiers in Pharmacology 2021;20: https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.732345 
7. Augustina Koduah, Justice Nonvignon, Abigail Colson, Amanj Kurdi, Alec Morton, Robert van der Meer, Genevieve Aryeetey, Itamar Megiddo. Health systems, population and patient challenges for achieving universal health coverage for hypertension in Ghana. Health Policy and Planning 2021; czab088. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czab088 
8. Janine Beezer, Manal Al Hatrushi, Andy Husband, Amanj Kurdi, and Paul Forsyth. Polypharmacy definition and prevalence in heart failure: a systematic review. Heart Failure Reviews 2021: doi: 10.1007/s10741-021-10135-4 
9. Brian Godman, Mainul Haque, Santosh Kumar, Salequl Islam, Jaykaran Charan, Farhana Akter, Amanj Kurdi, Eleonora Allocati, Muhammed Abu Bakar, Sagir Abdur Rahim, Nusrat Sultana, Farzana Deeba, MA Halim Khan, ABM Muksudul Alam, Iffat Jahan, Zubair Mahmood Kamal, Humaira Hasin, Munzur-E-Murshid, Shamsun Nahar, Monami Haque, Siddhartha Dutta, Jha Pallavi Abhayanand, Rimple Jeet Kaur, Jitendra Acharya, Takuma Sugahara, Hye-Young Kwon, SeungJin Bae, Karen Koh Pek Khuan, Tanveer Ahmed Khan, Shahzad Hussain, Zikria Saleem, Alice Pisana, Janney Wale, Mihajlo Jakovljevi. Current utilisation patterns for long-acting insulin analogues including biosimilars among selected Asian countries and the implications for the future. Current Medical Research and Opinion 2021; 37(19): 1529-1545.https://doi.org/10.1080/03007995.2021.1946024 
10. Olayinka O. Ogunley, Modupe R. Oyawole, Patricia T. Odunuga, Folasade Kalejaye, Adesola F. Yinka-Ogunleye, Adesola Olalekan, Sunday O. Ogundele, Bernard E. Ebruke, Atinuke Kalada Richard, Bene D Anand Paramadhas, Amanj Kurdi, Jacqueline Sneddon, Andrew Seaton, Brian Godman. A multicentre Point Prevalence Study of Antibiotics Utilization in Hospitalised Patients in an Urban Secondary and a Tertiary Healthcare Facilities in Nigeria: Findings and Implications. Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy June 2021.https://doi.org/10.1080/14787210.2021.1941870 
11. Skosana PP, Schellack N, Godman B, Kurdi A, Bennie M, Kruger D, Meyer JC. A point prevalence survey of antimicrobial utilisation patterns and quality indices amongst hospitals in South Africa; findings and implications. Expert Review in Anti-infective Therapy 2021: https://doi.org/10.1080/14787210.2021.1898946 
12. Fazel Dehvan, Ali Hassanpour Dehkordi, Reza Ghanei Gheshlagh, Amanj Kurdi. The Prevalence of Medication Errors Among Nursing Students: A Systematic and Meta‑analysis Study. International Journal of Preventive Medicine 2021;12:21-27. 4103/ijpvm.IJPVM_418_19 
13. Brian Godman, Abiodum Egwuenu, Mainul Haque, Oliver Ombeva Malande, Natalie Schellack, Santosh Kumar, Zikria Saleem, Jacqui Sneddon, Iris Hoxha, Salequl Islam, Julius Mwita, Renata Cristina Rezende Macedo do Nascimento, Isabella Piassi Dias Godói, Loveline Lum Niba, Adefolarin A Amu, Joseph Acolatse, Robert Incoom, Israel Abebrese Sefah, Sylvia Opanga, Amanj Kurdi, Ibrahim Chikowe, Felix Khuluza, Dan Kibuule, Olayinka O. Ogunleye, Adesola Olalekan, Vanda Markovic-Pekovic, Johanna C Meyer, Abubakr Alfadl, Thuy Nguyen Thi Phuong, Aubrey C Kalungia, Stephen Campbell, Alice Pisana, Janney Wale, R Andrew Seaton. Strategies to improve antimicrobial utilization with a special focus on developing countries. Life 2021;11(6):528. https://doi.org/10.3390/life11060528. 
14. Israel Abebrese SEFAH, Darius Obeng ESSAH, Amanj KURDI, Jacqueline SNEDDON, Thelma Mpoku ALALBILA, Hope KORDORWU, Brian GODMAN. Assessment of adherence to pneumonia guidelines and its determinants in an ambulatory care clinic in Ghana: findings and implications for the future. JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance 2021; 3(2): https://doi.org/10.1093/jacamr/dlab080
15. Dan Kibuule, Lahya Nambahu, Israel Abebrese Sefah, Amanj Kurdi, Thuy Nguyen Thi Phuong, Hye-Young Kwon, Brian Godman. Activities in Namibia to limit the prevalence and morality from COVID-19 including community pharmacy activities and the implications. Scholars Academic Journal of Pharmacy 2021:10(5). https://doi.org/10.36347/sajp.2021.v10i05.001
16. Amanj Kurdi. Evaluating the safety of Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs use in asthmatic patients: a systematic, critical review of literature. Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology 2021:15(4)
17. Wenderson Henrique Rocha, Juliana Álvares Teodoro, Francisco de Assis Acurcio, Augusto Afonso Guerra Junior, Isabel Cristina Gomes, Brian Godman, Amanj Kurdi, Renata Cristina Rezende Macedo do Nascimento, Alessandra Maciel Almeida. Influence of Pharmaceutical Services organization on the availability of essential medicines in a Public Health System. Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research 2021. https://doi.org/10.2217/cer-2020-0259 (Impact Factor=1.468)
18. D Kruger, NN Dlamini, JC Meyer, B Godman, A Kurdi, M Lennon, M. Bennie, N Schellack^. Development of a web-based application to improve data collection of antimicrobial utilisations in the public health care system in South Africa. Hospital Practice 2021. https://doi.org/10.1080/21548331.2021.1889213 
19. Marion Bennie, Amanj Kurdi, Sean MacBride Stewart, Tony Avery. Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin: Medication Safety in Primary Care – from measurement to action. BMJ Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin 2021;59:24-28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/dtb.2020.000010
20. Brian Godman, Andrew Hill, Steven Simoens, Gisbert Selke, Iva Selke Krulichová, Carolina Zampirolli Dias, Antony P Martin, Wija Oortwijn, Angela Timoney, Lars Gustafsson, Luka Voncina, Hye-Young Kwon, Jolanta Gulbinovic, Dzintars Gotham, Janet Wale, Wânia Cristina da Silva, Tomasz Bochenek, Eleonora Allocati, Amanj Kurdi, Olayinka O. Ogunleye, Johanna C Meyer, Iris Hoxha, Admir Malaj, Christian Hierländer, Robert Sauermann, Wouter Hamelinck, Guenka Petrova, Ott Laius, Irene Langner, John Yfantopoulos, Roberta Joppi, Arianit Jakupi, Ieva Greiciute-Kuprijanov, Patricia Vella Bonanno, JF (Hans) Piepenbrink, Vincent de Valk^, Magdalene Wladysiuk, Vanda Marković-Peković, Ileana Mardare, Jurij Fürst, Dominik Tomek, Mercè Obach Cortadellas, Corinne Zara, Caridad Pontes, Stuart McTaggart, Tracey-Lea Laba, Øyvind Melien, Durhane Wong-Rieger, SeungJin Bae, Ruaraidh Hill. Potential approaches for the pricing of cancer medicines across Europe to enhance the sustainability of healthcare systems and the implications. Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research 2021; https://doi.org/10.1080/14737167.2021.1884546 
21. Julius C. Mwita, Olayinka O. Ogunleye, Adesola Olalekan, Aubrey C Kalungia, Amanj Kurdi, Zikria Saleem, Jacqueline Sneddon, Brian Godman. Key issues surrounding appropriate antibiotic use for prevention of surgical site infections in low- and middle-income countries; a narrative review and the implications. International Journal of General Medicine 2021;14:515-530. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S253216 
22. Israel Abebrese Sefah, Hope Edem Kordorwu, Darius Obeng Essah, Amanj Kurdi, Brian Godman. Prevalence rate of spontaneously reported adverse events and determinants of serious adverse events among three outpatient care settings in Ghana: findings and implications. Advances in Human Biology 2021;11:97-105
23. Israel Abebrese Sefah, Olayinka O. Ogunleye, Darius Obeng Essah, Sylvia A Opanga, Nadia Rizvi, Annie Wamaitha, Anastasia Nkatha Guantai, Ibrahim Chikowe, Felix Khuluza, Dan Kibuule, Lahya Nambahu, Abdullahi Rabiu Abubakar, Ibrahim Haruna Sani, Zikria Saleem, Aubrey C Kalungia, Thuy Nguyen Thi Phuong, Mainul Haque, Salequl Islam, Santosh Kumar, Jacqueline Sneddon, Joshua Wamboga, Janney Wale, Nenad Miljković, Amanj Kurdi, Antony P Martin, Brian Godman Rapid assessment of the potential paucity and price increases for suggested medicines and protection equipment for COVID-19 across developing countries with a particular focus on Africa and the implications. Frontiers in Pharmacology 2021:11: :588106. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2020.588106 
24. Kurdi, Amanj; Hassan, Awat; Baker, Kirmanj; Seaton, Ronald; Ramzi, Zhian; Sneddon, Jacqueline; Godman, Brian. A multicentre point prevalence survey of hospital antibiotic prescribing and quality indices in the Kurdistan Region Government of Northern Iraq: The need for urgent action. Expert Review in Anti-infective Therapy October 2020; https://doi.org/10.1080/14787210.2021.1834852 
25. Amanj Kurdi, Nouf Abutheraa, Lina Akil, Brian Godman. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the use of renin-angiotensin system blockers and COVID-19 outcomes: what is the evidence so far and the implications? Pharmacology Research and Perspectives 2020; 8(6:) DOI:10.1002/prp2.666 
26. Brian Godman, Mainul Haque, Salequl Islam, Samiul Iqbal, Umme Laila Urmi, Zubair Mahmood Kamal, Shahriar Ahmed Shuvo, Aminur Rahman, Mustafa Kamal, Monami Haque, Iffat Jahan, Zakirul Islam, Mohammad Monir Hossain, Munzur-E-Murshid, Santosh Kumar, Jaykaran Charan, Rohan Bhatt, Siddhartha Dutta, Jha Pallavi Abhayanand, Yesh Sharma, Zikria Saleem, Thuy Nguyen Thi Phuong, Hye-Young Kwon, Amanj Kurdi, Janney Wale, Israel Sefah. Rapid assessment of price instability and paucity of medicines and protection for COVID-19 across Asia: findings and public health implications for the future. Frontiers in Public Health October 2020; org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.585832 
27. Mainul Haque, Santosh Kumar, Jaykaran Charan, Rohan Bhatt, Salequl Islam, Siddhartha Dutta, Jha Pallavi Abhayanand, Yesh Sharma, Israel Sefah, Amanj Kurdi, Janney Wale, Brian Godman. Utilisation, availability and price changes of medicines and protection equipment for COVID-19 among selected regions in India: findings and implications. Frontiers in Pharmacology October 2021; 11:582154. Doi: 10.3389/fphar.2020.582154 
28. Jacqueline Sneddon, Lesley Cooper, Daniel Kwame Afriyie, Israel A. Sefah, Alison Cockburn, Frances Kerr, Elaine Cameron, Joanna Goldthorpe, Amanj Kurdi, R Andrew Seaton. Supporting antimicrobial stewardship in Ghana: Evaluation of the impact of training on knowledge and attitudes of healthcare professionals in two hospitals. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy -AMR 2020;2(4): https://doi.org/10.1093/jacamr/dlaa092
29. Olayinka O. Ogunleye, Debashis Basu, Debjani Mueller, Jacqueline Sneddon4, R A. Seaton, Adesola F. Yinka-Ogunleye, Joshua Wamboga, Nenad Miljković, Julius C. Mwita, Godfrey M. Rwegerera, Amos Y. Massele, Patrick Okwen, Loveline L. Niba, Melaine Nsaikila, Wafaa M. Rashed, Mohamed A. Hussein, Rehab Hegazy, Adefolarin A. Amu, Baffour BoahenBoaten, Zinhle C. Matsebula, Prudence Gwebu, Bongani Chirigo, Nongabisa Mkhabela, Tenelisiwe Dlamini, Siphiwe Sithole, Sandile Malaza, Sikhumbuzo Dlamini, Daniel K. Afriyie, George A. Asare, Seth K. Amponsah, Israel A. Sefah, MARGARET N. OLUKA, Anastasia N. Guantai, Sylvia A. Opanga, Tebello V. Sarele, Refeletse K. Mafisa, Ibrahim Chikowe, Felix Khuluza, Dan Kibuule, Francis Kalemeera, Mwangana Mubita, Joseph Fadare, Laurien Sibomana, Gwendoline M. Ramokgopa, Carmen Whyte, Tshegofatso Maimela, Johannes Hugo, Johanna C. Meyer, Natalie Schellack, Enos M. Rampamba, Adele Visser, Abubakr A. Alfadl, Elfatih M. Malik, Oliver O. Malande, Aubrey C. Kalungia, Chiluba Mwila, Trust Zaranyika, Blessmore V. Chaibva, Ioana D. Olaru, Nyasha Masuka, Janney Wale, Lenias Hwenda, Regina Kamoga, Ruaraidh Hill, Corrado Barbui, Tomasz Bochenek, Amanj Kurdi, Stephen Campbell, Antony P. Martin, Thuy N. Phuong, Binh N. Thanh, Brian Godman. Response to the novel corona virus (COVID-19) pandemic across Africa: successes, challenges and implications for the future. Frontiers in Pharmacology 2020;11:1205. DoI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01205 
30. Lesley COOPER, Jacqueline SNEDDON, Daniel Kwame AFRIYIE, Israel A. SEFAH^, Amanj KURDI, Brian GODMAN, R Andrew SEATON. Supporting global antimicrobial stewardship: antibiotic prophylaxis for the prevention of surgical site infection in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs): a scoping review and meta-analysis. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy-AMR 2020;2: doi.org/10.1093/jacamr/dlaa070
31. Mainul Haque, Salequl Islam, Samiul Iqbal, Umme Laila Urmi, Zubair Mahmood Kamal, Shahriar Ahmed Shuvo, Aminur Rahman, Mustafa Kamal, Monami Haque, Iffat Jahan, Zakirul Islam, Mohammad Monir Hossain, Munzur-E-Murshid, Israel Sefah, Amanj Kurdi, Brian Godman. Availability and price changes of potential medicines and equipment for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 among pharmacy and drug stores in Bangladesh; findings and implications. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science 2020;19: S 36-S 50. DOI:https://doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v19i0.48106.
32. Deirdre Engler, Johanna C. Meyer, Natalie Schellack, Amanj Kurdi, Brian Godman. Compliance to South Africa’s Antimicrobial Resistance National Strategy Framework: Are we there yet? Journal of Chemotherapy 2020. https://doi.org/10.1080/1120009X.2020.1789389 
33. Amanj Kurdi, Rachel A Elliott, Li-Chia Chen. Lessons from the failure of implementing the ‘Better Care Better Value’ prescribing indicator for renin-angiotensin system drugs in England: A qualitative study of general practitioners’ perceptions using behaviour change framework. BMJ Open 2020;10:e035910. Doi:10.1136/ bmjopen-2019-035910 
34. Renata Cristina Rezende Macedo do Nascimento, Tanja Mueller, Brian Godman, Sean MacBride Stewart, Simon Hurding, Francisco de Assis Acurcio, Augusto Afonso Guerra Junior, Juliana Alvares Teodoro, Alec Morton, Marion Bennie, Amanj Kurdi. Real-world evaluation of the impact of statin intensity on adherence and persistence to therapy: A Scottish population-based study. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 2020; https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.14333 
35. Lindsay A Robertson, Mairi-Anne McLean, Colette Montgomery Sardar, Graeme Bryson, Amanj Kurdi. Evaluation of the prescribing decision support system Synonyms in a primary care setting: a mixed-method study. International Journal of Pharmacy Practice 2020: https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpp.12629 
36. Hayedeh Rezaei, Ali Faiek M. Saeed, Kamel Abdi, Abbas Ebadi, Reza Ghanei Gheshlagh, Amanj Kurdi. Validation of the Farsi Version of the Pain Management Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (F-PMSEQ). Journal of Pain Research 2020;13:719-727 
37. Kelly Baillie, Tanja Mueller, Jiafeng Pan, Jennifer Laskey, Marion Bennie, Christine Crearie, Kimberley Kavanagh, Samantha Alvarez-Madrazo, David Morrison, Julie Clarke, Aileen Keel, David Cameron, Olivia Wu, Amanj Kurdi, Robert J. Jones.Use of record linkage to evaluate treatment outcomes and trial eligibility in a real-world metastatic prostate cancer population in Scotland. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety 2020. https://doi.org/10.1002/pds.4998 
38. Brian Godman, Holly McCabe, Trudy Leong, Debjani Mueller, Antony P Martin, Iris Hoxha, Julius C. Mwita, Godfrey Mutashambara Rwegerera, Amos Massele, Renata Cristina Rezende Macedo do Nascimento, Livia Lovato Pires de Lemos, Konstantin Tachkov, Petya Milushewa, Okwen Patrick, Loveline Lum Niba, Ott Laius, Israel Sefah, Suhaj Abdulsalim, Fatemeh Soleymani, Anastasia N Guantai, Loice Achieng, Margaret Oluka, Arianit Jakupi, Konstantīns Logviss, Mohamed Azmi Hassali, Dan Kibuule, Francis Kalemeera, Mwangana Mubita, Joseph Fadare, Olayinka O. Ogunleye, Zikria Saleem, Shazhad Hussain, Tomasz Bochenek, Ileana Mardare, Alian A. Alrasheedy, Jurij Furst, Dominik Tomek, Vanda Markovic-Pekovic, Enos M Rampamba, Abubakr Alfadl, Adefolarin A Amu, Zinhle Matsebula, Thuy Nguyen Thi Phuong, Binh Nguyen Thanh, Aubrey Kalungia, Trust Zaranyika, Nyasha Masuka, Ioana D. Olaru, Janney Wale, Ruaraidh Hill, Amanj Kurdi, Angela Timoney, Stephen Campbell, Johanna C Meyer. Fixed dose drug combinations - are they pharmacoeconomically sound? Findings and implications especially for lower and middle income countries. Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research 2020: DOI: 10.1080/14737167.2020.1734456 1078155219869439 
39. Brian Godman, Debashis Basu, Yogan Pillay, Julius Mwita, Godfrey Rwegerera, Bene Anand Paramadhas, Celda Tiroyakgosi, Patrick Mbah, Loveline Lum Niba, Justice Nonvignon, Israel Sefah, MARGARET NG'WONO OLUKA, Anastasia N Guantai, Dan Kibuule, Francis Kalemeera, Mwangana Mubita, Joseph Fadare, Olayinka Olabode Ogunleye, Larry Distiller, Enos M Rampamba, Jeffrey Wing, Debjani Mueller, Abubakr Alfadl, Adefolarin A Amu, Zinhle Charity Matsebula, Aubrey Kalungia, Trust Zaranyika, Nyasha Masuka, Janney Wale, Ruaraidh Hill, Amanj Kurdi, Angela Therese Timoney, Stephen Campbell, Johanna Catharina Meyer. Review of ongoing activities and challenges to improve the care of patients with Type 2 diabetes across Africa and the implications for the future. Frontiers in Pharmacology 2020;11: DOI:10.3389/fphar.2020.0010 
40. Daniel Kwame AFRIYIE, Israel A. SEFAH, Jacqueline SNEDDON, William MALCOM, Rachel McKinney, Lesley COOPER, Amanj KURDI, Brian GODMAN, R Andrew SEATON. Antimicrobial Point Prevalence Surveys in two Ghanaian hospitals: opportunities for antimicrobial stewardship. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy-AMR 2020;2(1): dlaa001. DoI:10.1093/jacamr/dlaa001
41. Emmanuel Kipkurui Kurgat, Irene Weru, David Wata, Brian Godman, Amanj Kurdi, Anastasia N Guantai.Proactive Risk Assessment Of Vincristine Use Process In A Teaching And Referral Hospital In Kenya And The Implications. Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice 2019;26(3):666-679. 10.1177/1078155219869439 
42. Holly McCabe, Brian Godman, Amanj Kurdi, Katie Johnston, Sean MacBride-Stewart, Janey Lennon, Simon Hurding, Marion Bennie, Alec Morton. Prescribing trends of inhaler treatments for asthma and COPD within a resource constrained environment in the Scottish National Health System: findings and implications. Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine 2019; 13: 679–689. DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2019.1624528 
43. Jonatas Christian Vieira Moura, Isabel Cristina Gomes, Guilherme Rache Gaspar, Guilherme Matos Serretti Mendes, Bernardo Almeida Vial Faria, Nulma Souto Jentzsch, Maria do Carmo Friche Passos, Amanj Kurdi, Brian Godman, Alessandra Maciel Almeida. The use of probiotics as supplementary therapy in the treatment of patients with asthma: a pilot study and implications. Clinics 2019:74:e950.DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2019/e950 
44. Brian Godman, Mainul Haque, Judy McKimm, Muhamad Abu Bakar, Jacqueline Sneddon, Janney Wale, Stephen Campbell, Antony P Martin, Iris Hoxha, Vafa Abilova, Bene D Anand Paramadhas, Pinkie Mpinda-Joseph, Matshediso Matome, Livia Lovato Pires de Lemos, Israel Sefah, Amanj Kurdi, Sylvia Opanga et al. Strategies to improve the management of upper respiratory tract infections and reduce inappropriate antibiotic use particularly among lower and middle-income countries; findings and implications. Current Medical Opinion and Research 2019; DoI 10.1080/03007995.2019.1700947 
45. Elias Joseph Onyango, Faith Okalebo, Margaret Oluka, Rosaline Kinuthia, Loice Achieng, Amanj Kurdi. Evaluation of the clinical practice of aminoglycosides use in paediatric patients in Kenya: findings and implications to Low-middle Income Countries. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy-AMR 2020;2:dlz087. DOI:10.1093/jacamr/dlz087
46. Lydia Momanyi, Sylvia Opanga, David Nyamu, Margaret Oluka, Amanj Kurdi, Brian Godman. Antibiotic prescribing patterns at a leading referral hospital in kenya: a point prevalence survey. Journal of Research in Pharmacy Practice 2019;8:149-15

BSc Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Baghdad, Iraq

MSc Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Baghdad, Iraq

PhD Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, UK